Mechanism of gigantol in transmembrane transport in human lens epithelial cells / 中国中药杂志

Gigantol is a phenolic component of precious Chinese medicine Dendrobii Caulis, which has many pharmacological activities such as prevent tumor and diabetic cataract. This paper aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of gigantol in transmembrane transport in human lens epithelial cells(HLECs). Immortalized HLECs were cultured in vitro and inoculated in the laser scanning confocal microscopy(LSCM) medium at 5 000 cells/mL. The fluorescence distribution and intensity of gigantol marked by fluorescence in HLECs were observed by LSCM, and the absorption and distribution of gigantol were expressed as fluorescence intensity. The transmembrane transport process of gigantol in HLECs were monitored. The effects of time, temperature, concentration, transport inhibitors, and different cell lines on the transmembrane absorption and transport of gigantol were compared. HLECs were inoculated on climbing plates of 6-well culture plates, and the ultrastructure of HLECs was detected by atomic force microscopy(AFM) during the transmembrane absorption of non-fluorescent labeled gigantol. The results showed that the transmembrane absorption of gigantol was in time and concentration-dependent manners, which was also able to specifically target HLECs. Energy and carrier transport inhibitors reduced gigantol absorption by HLECs. During transmembrane process of gigantol, the membrane surface of HLECs became rougher and presented different degrees of pits, indicating that the transmembrane transport of gigantol was achieved by active absorption of energy and carrier-mediated endocytosis.

Analysis of cervical instability and clinical characteristics in treatment-naive rheumatoid arthritis patients / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To study the proportion of cervical spine instability in treatment-naive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, to investigate the associated neck symptoms, and to analyze the clinical characteristics in treatment-naive RA patients and treated RA patients.@*METHODS@#RA patients who underwent cervical spine X-ray imaging from the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of Peking University Third Hospital and Peking University Shenzhen Hospital from August 2015 to October 2019 and had clinical records of medication administration were included. Clinical and laboratory data including cervical symptoms and X-ray imaging data of cervical spine were collected. The constituent ratio of cervical spine instability in treatment-naive RA patients was statistically analyzed. The clinical data and laboratory data were analyzed by t-test, u-test and chi square to explore the clinical characteristics of the treatment-naive RA patients with cervical instability.@*RESULTS@#Of the 408 RA patients, 105 patients were treatment-naive. Of the 105 treatment-naive patients, 82.9% (87/105) were female, with an average age of (52±14) years, the median duration of the disease was 24 months, the shortest history was 2 weeks, and the longest history was 30 years. 28.6% (30/105) of the treatment-naive RA patients showed cervical spine instability. The prevalence of cervical instability was 13.6% in the treatment-naive RA patients with disease duration less than 24 months. Among them, there were no significant differences in neck symptoms between cervical spine instability group and none cervical spine instability group. The patients with cervical spine instability had a longer duration of disease [60 (18, 180) months vs.16 (8, 51) months], a higher proportion of peripheral joint deformity (63.3%vs.21.3%), and a lower hemoglobin [(106.90±21.61) g/L vs. (115.77±14.69) g/L]. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of cervical instability in the treatment-naive RA patients compared with treated RA patients. Among the RA patients with cervical instability, there was no statistically significant difference in the composition of each type between the patients with treatment-naive RA and patients with treated RA, except for a shorter duration of disease [120.0 (72.0, 240.0) months vs. 60.0 (27.0, 167.5) months].@*CONCLUSION@#28.6% of treatment-naive RA patients showed cervical spine instability. Cervical instability was also common in RA patients with a duration less than 24 months. There was no significant correlation between cervical instability and neck symptoms. Patients with cervical spine instability had a long-term disease, a higher proportion of peripheral joint deformity and a lower hemoglobin. Controlling the condition of RA early may help to control the progression of cervical involvement in patients with RA.

Population distribution and clinical characteristics in rheumatoid arthritis patients with cervical spine instability / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the population distribution of cervical spine instability in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and to analyze the clinical characteristics in RA patients with cervical spine instability.@*METHODS@#A total of 439 RA patients who had completed cervical spine X-ray examination from Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital and Peking University Third Hospital from August 2015 to March 2019 were enrolled. The clinical data, laboratory data and cervical radiographic data were collected and analyzed by t-test, rank sum test and Chi-square test to clarify the clinical characteristics in the RA patients with cervical spine instability.@*RESULTS@#Of the 439 RA patients, 80.9% (355/439) were female, with an average age of (52.9±13.9) years, a median duration of the disease was 60 months, the shortest history was 2 weeks, and the longest history was up to 46 years. 29.6% (130/439) of the RA patients showed cervical spine instability. Among them, 20 RA patients were complicated with two different types of cervical instability, the atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS) accounted for 24.6% (108/439), the vertical subluxation (VS) accounted for 7.3% (32/439) and the subluxial subluxations (SAS) accounted for 2.3% (10/439). The patients with cervical spine instability had a longer duration of disease [120 (36, 240) months vs. 48 (12, 120) months], a higher proportion of peripheral joint deformity (56.9% vs. 29.9%), and a higher visual analog scale (VAS) measuring general health score (4.89±2.49 vs. 3.93±2.38), a lower hemoglobin [(111.31±19.44) g/L vs. (115.56±16.60) g/L] and a higher positive rate of anti-cyclic citrullina-ted peptide (CCP) antibody (90.8% vs. 76.6%). There were no significant differences in gender, age, number of swollen joints, number of tenderness joints, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, rheumatoid factor level, 28-joint disease activity score, positive rate of anti keratin antibody, duration of glucocorticoid use and duration of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs use between the two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#In the study, 29.6% of the RA patients showed cervical spine instability. RA patients with cervical spine instability had a long-term disease, a higher proportion of peripheral joint deformity, a higher VAS measuring general health score, a lower hemoglobin and a higher positive rate of anti-CCP antibody.

Therapeutic effect of exercise rehabilitation therapy combined trimetazidine on CHD and its influence on patients'cardiac function / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective :To analyze therapeutic effect of exercise rehabilitation therapy combined trimetazidine on CHD and its influence on patients'cardiac function .Methods :A total of 116 CHD patients were randomly and equally di-vided into trimetazidine group (received trimetazidine based on routine treatment ) and combined treatment group (received exercise rehabilitation therapy based on trimetazidine group ) ,both groups were treated for three months . Therapeutic effect ,LVEF ,LVEDd ,6min walking distance (6MWD) ,serum levels of hsCRP ,homocysteine (Hcy) and N terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) ,plasma levels of endothelin (ET)-1 and nitric oxide (NO) before and after treatment ,and incidence rate of adverse reactions were observed and compared between two groups.Results :Total effective rate of combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of trimetazidine group (96.55% vs.82.76%, P＝0.015).Compared with before treatment ,after treatment ,there were significant rise in LVEF ,6MWD and plasma NO level ,and significant reductions in LVEDd ,serum levels of hsCRP ,Hcy and NT-proBNP and plasma ET-1 level in two groups , P＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01. Compared with trimetazidine group after treatment ,there were significant rise in LVEF [ (42.31 ± 7.37)% vs.(47.86 ± 7.42)%] ,6MWD [ (290.62 ± 28.36) mvs .(348.63 ± 28.54) m] and plasma NO level [ (61.54 ± 9.67) μmol/L vs.(72.62 ± 10.41) μmol/L] , and significant reductions in LVEDd [ (58.13 ± 5.82) mm vs.(55.36 ± 5.27) mm] ,serum levels of hsCRP [ (3.86 ± 0.85) mg/L vs .(3.49 ± 0.67) mg/L] ,Hcy [ (12.68 ± 2.47) μmol/L vs.(11.34 ± 2.23) μmol/L] and NT-proBNP [ (924.17 ± 175.87) ng/Lvs.(836.35 ± 158.70) ng/L] and plasma ET-1 level [ (55.83 ± 11.64) ng/Lvs. (49.36 ± 10.23) ng/L] in combined treatment group ,P＜0.05 or ＜0.01. There was no significant difference in in-cidence rate of adverse reactions between two groups ,P＝0.431. Conclusion :Exercise rehabilitation combined trim-etazidine can significantly improve therapeutic effect and cardiac function ,reduce inflammatory factor levels ,and enhance vascular endothelial function in CHD patients .Its adverse reactions are few .

Human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation provides neuroprotection against cerebral infarction in rats / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells improve neurological functional recovery from cerebral infarction, but they are a rare population in the bone marrow with difficulty in cell separation and purification. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the neuroprotective effects and the potential mechanisms of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for cerebral infarction in rats. METHODS: Totally 120 rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion were randomized into treatment group and control (n=60 per group). The rats were intravenously treated with human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment group or the phosphate buffer saline in the control group. Then, a modified neurological severity score was assessed at 1, 3, 7, 14 days post transplantation, and measurement of infarct volume in the ischemic brain was performed using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining at 14 days post transplantation. The anti-human specific immunostain for mitochondria in the ischemic brain was performed and the mitochondria-positive cells were counted; TUNEL immunostaining was performed and TUNEL positive cells were counted. ELISA assays for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were also performed in the ischemic brain. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after treatment, the modified neurological severity score in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). At 14 days after treatment, the infarct volume in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), only few mitochondria-positive cells were present in the ischemic brain, and the number of TUNEL positive cells in the treatment group was significantly less than that in the control group (P < 0.05). At 3 and 14 days after treatment, BDNF expression levels in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). At 7 and 14 days after treatment, VEGF expression levels in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control (P < 0.05). At 7 days after treatment, HGF expression level in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). To conclude, intravenous administration of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells can promote neuroprotective effects against cerebral infarction. These effects may be related to the increase of BDNF, VEGF and HGF expression and the decrease of apoptosis in the ischemic brain.

Role of dentritic epidermal T lymphocytes in immune rejection of skin allograft in mice and its mechanism / 中华烧伤杂志

To explore the role of dentritic epidermal T lymphocytes ( DETCs) in immune rejection of skin allograft in mice and its related mechanism. Methods (1) Full-thickness skin was harvested from back of one male wild type (WT) C57BL/6 mouse. Epithelial cells were isolated for detection of the expression of DETCs and their phenotype with flow cytometer. Another male WT C57BL/6 mouse was used to harvest full-thickness skin from the back. Epidermis was isolated for observation of the morphological characteristics of DETCs with immunofluorescence technology. (2) Four male green fluorescence protein (GFP)-marked C57BL/6 mice, 7 female WT C57BL/6 mice (group WT), and 7 female ybT lymphocytes 8 gene knock-out (GK) C57BL/6 mice (group GK) were used. Full-thickness skin in the size of 1.4 cm x 1.4 cm on the back of mice in groups WT and GK were excised, and the wounds were transplanted with full-thickness skin in the size of 1.2 cm x 1.2 cm obtained from male GFP-marked C57BL/6 mice. The survival time of skin grafts was affirmed with small animal in vivo imager and naked eyes and recorded. (3) Two male WT C57BL/6 mice were used to isolate epithelial cells. Cells were inoculated into 48-well plate and divided into activation group (A) and control group (C) according to the random number table, with 4 wells in each group. Cells in group A were treated with 10 pL concanavalin A in the concentration of 2 microg/mL for 24 hours, while those in group C with PBS in the same volume as that in group A. The expression of interferon y in DETCs was detected with flow cytometer. (4) Four male GFP-marked C57BL/6 mice were used as donors. Fourteen female WT C57BL/6 mice were used as receptors and divided into interferon gamma neutralizing group (IN) and control group (C) according to the random number table, with 7 mice in each group. The skin transplantation model of C57BL/6 male to C57BL/6 female was established as in part (2). Before surgery and 72 hours after, mice in group IN were intraperitoneally injected with 200 pL interferon y neutralizing antibody in the concentration of 1 mg/mL, and those in group C with normal saline in the same volume as that in group IN. The survival time of skin grafts was observed and recorded using the methods in part (2), and the result of group IN was compared with that of group GK in part (2). The survival curve of skin grafts was processed with Log-rank ( Mantel-Cox) test. Results (1) The positive expression rate of DETCs in epithelial cells of skin in mouse was 7.27%, and they were all CD3 cells. DETCs were found to be scattered in the epidermis of skin in mouse with dendritic morphology. (2) The survival time of skin grafts of mice in group GK was 22-35 d, obviously longer than that in group WT (12-16 d, y2 = 14. 10 , P < 0.001). (3) Expression of interferon gamma was detected in 22. 70% DETCs in group A, which was obviously higher than that in group C (0.51%). (4) The survival time of skin grafts of mice in group IN was 19-24 d, which was obviously longer than that in group C (12-16 d, chi 2 = 13.60, P < 0.001) but close to that in group GK as in part (2) (chi2 = 0.06, P = 0.810). Conclusions DETCs are involved in promotion of immune rejection of skin allograft probably by secretinf interferon gamma.

Experimental study on Dendrobium candidum polysaccharides on promotion of hair growth / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect and mechanism of Dendrobium candidum polysaccharides (DCP) in promoting hair growth, in order to lay a foundation for the development and utilization of D. candidum.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The water-extraction and alcohol-precipitation method was adopted to extract DCP, and the phenol-sulphuric acid method was used to determine its content. Thirty C57BL6J mice were collected to establish the hair loss model with hair removal cream. They were randomly divided into the control group, the positive control group and the DCP group, and given 0.2 mL of ultra-pure water, minoxidil tincture and DCP (5.0 g x L(-1)) 21 days. The mice hair growth scoring standard was adopted to evaluate the hair growth of C57BL/6J mice at 7, 14 d. The hairs in unit hair-losing areas of treated C57BL/6J mice at 21 d were weighed to evaluate the effect of DCP on the promotion of hair growth. MTT assay and RT-PCR method were used to evaluate the effect of DCP on the proliferatin of HaCaT cells and the mRNA expression of VEGF in HaCaT cells.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The extraction percent of DCP was 29.87%, and its content was 79.65%. The average scores for the hair growth and weight of C57BL/6J mice of DCP group were much higher than the control group. The survival rate and mRNA expression of VEGF of HaCaT cells were much higher than the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DCP has the effect in promoting hair growth. Its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of the mRNA expression of VEGF.</p>

Biologic effect of nitric oxide on human epidermal stem cells in vitro / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on adhesion, proliferation, and migration of human epidermal stem cells (ESC) in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>ESC were isolated and cultured by the modified method of rapid attachment to type IV collagen. (1) Morphology of cells was observed under inverted phase-contrast microscope. Expression levels of integrin β(1) and cytokeratin 19 (CK19) of cells were determined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. (2) After being treated with scratching, ESC adhered to the wall was respectively treated with nitric oxide (NO) donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) in the concentration of 1, 10, 100, 500 µmol/L. ESC without treatment of SNAP was used as control. The migration rate of ESC was detected at post scratching hour (PSH) 12 and 24. The chemotaxis of ESC (treated with SNAP in above-mentioned concentration) was tested by Transwell assay, and the transferred cell number was counted. (3) ESC was respectively treated with SNAP in the concentration of 10, 100, 500 µmol/L for 1 h. ESC without treatment of SNAP was used as control. The adhesion of ESC was detected with adhesion test, and the inhibition rate of adhesion was calculated. The proliferation of ESC (denoted as absorbance value) was determined by microplate reader at post-treatment hour (PTH) 0, 12, 24, 48. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance and Dunnett t test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Small clone formed on post culture days (PCD) 5 to 9. On PCD 10 to 14, cell proliferation sped up. CK19 and integrin β(1) were detected to be expressed in the isolated cells. The cells were identified as ESC. (2) Compared with that of ESC without treatment of SNAP [(35.7 ± 0.3)%, (45.7 ± 5.0)%], migration of ESC treated with SNAP in the concentration from 1 to 100 µmol/L was promoted at PSH 12 and 24. Migration rates of ESC treated with 100 µmol/L SNAP were the highest [respectively (48.8 ± 2.7)%, (82.1 ± 15.8)%, with t value respectively 8.34, 5.10, P values both below 0.01]. The number of ESC transferred to membrane after being treated with 100 µmol/L SNAP was significantly larger than that of ESC without treatment of SNAP (t = 9.24, P = 0.00). (3) Absorbance values of ESC treated with 100, 500 µmol/L SNAP were obviously higher than that of ESC without treatment of SNAP (with t value respectively 4.30, 4.67, P values both equal to 0.00). Proliferation of ESC treated with 100, 500 µmol/L SNAP was obviously stronger than that of cells without treatment of SNAP at PTH 24, 48 (with t values from 2.84 to 8.17, P values all below 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Exogenous NO in suitable concentration can promote the migration of human ESC. Exogenous NO can inhibit the adhesion and promote the proliferation of human ESC in vitro.</p>

Effects of P 311 on the migration of epidermal stem cells in mice with superficial partial-thickness burn and injured cell model in vitro / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study effects of P311 on the migration of epidermal stem cells (ESCs) in mice with superficial partial-thickness burn and injured cell model in vitro and to explore the mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>(1) Eighteen male C(57) BL/6 mice were used. Fifteen of them were inflicted with superficial partial-thickness burn on the back. In three injured mice wound tissue and skin of wound edge were obtained at post burn hour (PBH) 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 respectively. The rest three mice were used as normal control, and samples were harvested with the same method as above. The expressions of P311 in harvested samples were assessed with biotin-streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) staining. (2) Six newly born C(57) BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with 50 µg/g BrdU (two times a day) for three days for ESCs-labelling. Seven weeks later, the mice were inflicted with superficial partial-thickness burn on the back. Serial slices of burn wound tissue were prepared at PBH 72 and immunohistochemically stained with SP for observation of the co-localization of BrdU-positive ESCs and P311-positive cells. (3) The empty vector pAdEasy-enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) and the adenovirus P311-expressing vector named pAdEasy-EGFP-P311 were constructed and packed. Human ESCs were isolated by the method of rapid adhesion to collagen IV. After being divided into P311 high-expressing group (n = 3) and EGFP control group (n = 3), the ESCs in two groups were respectively infected by pAdEasy-EGFP-P311 and pAdEasy-EGFP. Scratching assay was performed on ESCs in both groups after they were treated by mitomycin C for 2 hours. The remaining area within the fixed range was measured at post scratching hour (PSH) 0, 24, 48, and 72, and the wound-area healing rate was calculated. Data were processed with independent samples t test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Expression amount of P311 was different in different parts of wound at different time points after burn. Expression amount of P311 in the newly formed epidermis and hair follicle of wound increased along with prolongation of time. Expression amount of P311 in the epidermis and hair follicle of wound edge peaked at PBH 12 and then decreased to normal levels at PBH 72. (2) Co-localization of BrdU-positive ESCs and P311-positive cells was observed in the new epidermal layer of wound tissue of mice, where ESCs were labeled by BrdU. (3) At PSH 48 and 72, wound-area healing rate was obviously higher in P311 high-expressing group [(69 ± 31)%, (89 ± 26)%] than in EGFP control group [(35 ± 12)%, (46 ± 31)%, with t values respectively -2.336, -2.611, P values all below 0.05].</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>P311 may promote the migration of ESCs both in rats with superficial partial-thickness burns and in injured cell model in vitro, and it may play an important role in wound healing.</p>

Treatment of newborns with severe injured brain with transplantation of human neural precursor cells / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the therapeutic effect of human neural precursor cells transplantation in treatment of neonates with severe brain injury.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The transplantation was performed on 6 newborns, one of them was diagnosed as extremely severe carbon monoxide poisoning at 5(th) day after birth; one of them was diagnosed as severe hypoglycemia; the others had asphyxia at birth with Apgar scores from 1 to 3 and were diagnosed as severe neonatal asphyxia, severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy according to images, electroencephalogram, biochemical examination and clinical manifestation. With the approval of hospital ethics committee and informed consent of the family members, the newborns received human neural precursor cells transplantation at the 4(th) to 20(th) day after birth. With the agreement of a pregnant woman, forebrain cells were obtained from the forebrain of her 12-week old fetus after spontaneous abortion. The cells from the fetal brain were amplified into human neural precursor cells in vitro and were injected into the cerebral ventricle of the patients.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>On the 2(nd) day after transplantation, sucking and swallowing reflexes gradually appeared in all the patients, muscular tension was also improved, and convulsion stopped. NBNA scoring in 3 of the patients reached normal level on the 28(th) day after birth. The 6 patients were followed up for 12 months. Four patients were normal in psychomotor development and scores of each scale reached normal level. Two patients have cerebral palsy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>hNPCs transplantation is safe and effective in treatment of severe neonatal brain injury. More clinical trials and further observation are needed.</p>

Effect of nitric oxide on HaCaT cell migration / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) on the migration of HaCaT cell and its possible mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was used as the donor of NO. Different concentrations of SNP (0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 100.0, 1000.0 micromol/L) were added into nutrient culture medium of HaCaT cells. Cell migration rate was observed and calculated at post scratching hour (PSH) 0 (immediately after scratching), 6, 12, 24, 48. The most suitable concentration of SNP and culture duration were selected as stimulation condition. Cytoskeletons of HaCaT cells were observed under confocal laser scanning microscope. The expressions of integrin beta 1, RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42 of cells in experiment group (cultured with 10.0 micromol/L SNP for 24 hours) and negative control group were determined at mRNA and protein levels with RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and repeated measure ANOVA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Migration rate of HaCaT cells in each group increased gradually as time after scratching went on. There were significant differences between PSH 6-48 and PSH 0 in cells cultured with 10.0 micromol/L SNP (F = 31.002, P values all below 0.05). Pili were rarely observed in negative control group with slender stress fibers in cells. In comparison, the amount of pili amount increased obviously in experiment group with thickened stress fibers. Compared with those of cells in control group (RhoA protein expression = 0.64 +/- 0.04), integrin beta 1 expression decreased obviously (F = 8.25, P = 0.015), RhoA (0.92 +/- 0.04), Cdc42 and Rac1 were up-regulated at both protein (with F value respectively 7.25, 14.10, 6.50, P values all below 0.05) and mRNA levels (with F value respectively 23.67, 10.39, 9.52, P values all below 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Exogenous NO in suitable concentration can promote the proliferation and migration of HaCaT cell, suggesting it exerts significant effect in wound repair. The changed cytoskeletons and the down-regulated integrin beta 1 expression may be involved in this process.</p>

Early treatment with small dose dexamethasone attenuates seawater immersion-induced acute lung injury in dogs with open chest trauma / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To investigate the effect of early dexamethasone treatment on seawater immersion-induced acute lung injury after open chest trauma. Methods: Twenty-four animals were evenly randomized into three groups: control group (CG), seawater group(SG), and dexamethasone treatment group (DG). Animals in CG group only had open chest trauma, those in the SG group were exposed to seawater after open chest trauma, and those in the DG group were treated with dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) after exposed to seawater. The vital signs of animals, plasma osmotic pressure, lung permeability index (LPI), and peripheral white blood cell count were observed 0,2,4,6, and 8 h after trauma. The plasma samples and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected for testing the levels of cytokines (IL-1ß, IL-8, and vWF, etc.) with ELISA kit. H-E staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the lung. Results: Compared with the SG group, the pathological changes were improved in the DG group; the plasma osmotic pressures were similar between the two groups; and the pulmonary permeability index was markedly decreased in the DG group (0.039±0.006 vs 0.055±0.002, P<0.05). Besides,the count of peripheral leukocyte(X 109) and plasma IL-Iß, IL-8, and vWF(pg/ml) were all markedly decreased in the DG group compared with the SG group(WBC: 21.52± 3.21 vs 24.8±2.08; IL-Iß:72. 84±38.42 vs 131.90±35.39; IL-8:45.21± 16.39 vs 88.26± 6.66;vWF:0.47±0.08 vs 1.03± 0.09,P< 0.05). Conclusion: Early dexamethasone treatment can attenuate the inflammatory injury of the lung in dogs with open chest trauma after seawater immersion, providing more chance for further management.

Temperament of asthmatic children and risk factors for asthma / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Asthma is considered as a typical psychosomatic disease. This study aimed to investigate the temperament of asthmatic children and risk factors for asthma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Temperamental type and dimensionality were investigated by Carry Temperament Scale in 106 children with asthma. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the risk factors for the development of asthma. One hundred and six age and sex-matched normal children served as controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were significant differences in the adaptability, mood value and attention persistence of temperament between asthmatic patients and normal controls. Higher proportion of inter-high difficult temperamental type (17.0% vs 5.7%) and lower proportion of easy temperamental type (16.0% vs 29.2%) were found in children with asthma when compared with controls (P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that the frequency of cold between 3 and 7 years old, allergic history, idiosyncratic physique, parental history of asthma, house decoration and mood value and attention persistence of temperament were risk factors for the development of asthma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There were differences in the temperamental type and dimensionality between asthmatic children and normal controls. Children with inter-high difficult temperament and suffered from the above risk factors showed a higher risk for developing asthma.</p>

Transplantation of human fetal neural stem cells into cerebral ventricle of the neonatal rat following hypoxic-ischemic injury: survival, migration and differentiation / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) harms the lives and health of newborn infants and children severely. Given the absence of effective therapies for HIE, it is important to derive new strategies. Neural stem cells (NSCs) have great potential as a therapeutic tool for the repair of a number of central nervous system disorders that involve cell loss. This study was designed to transplant the neural stem cells derived from human fetal brain (hNSCs) into cerebral ventricle of neonatal rat following hypoxic-ischemic injury and to investigate their survival, migration and differentiation in rat brain.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cells obtained from the forebrain of a 12-week old fetus were cultured in the presence of epidermal growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor and leukemia inhibitory factor for 11 days. Animal models were built in 7-day-postnatal Wistar rats, 3-days after hypoxia-ischemia (HI), 5 microl suspension containing 5.0 x 10(5) hNSCs was injected into the left cerebral ventricle of each HIE rat by using stereotactic instrument. No immunosuppression therapy was given to the animals. At 1, 2, 4 weeks and 3 months after transplantation, the rats were sacrificed and brain tissues were harvested and were then examined by H-E staining and immunohistochemical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Implanted cells expressing human nuclear protein (hNP) migrated form the subventricular zone (SVZ) along corpus callosum to the damaged areas, especially to the injured side of cortex and hippocampus. In different areas, the implanted hNSCs differentiated into different cell types which were similar to the host cells. The 85% implanted cells in cortex consisted of hNuc-NF or hNuc-Tublin double positive cells, while in the migratory way, 60% implanted cells differentiated into hNuc-GFAP double positive cells. Compared with the 1-week time point, an increased number of hNP-positive cells were observed at 2-weeks, but the number of these cells greatly decreased at 4-weeks and 3 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The implanted hNSCs could extensively survive, migrate in the brain of neonatal rat with HIE and could differentiate into neurons and astrocytes in a regionally specific manner.</p>

Treatment of an infant with severe neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy sequelae with transplantation of human neural stem cells into cerebral ventricle / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Severe newborn hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) has a very high rate of disability and no effective treatment is available. The present study aimed to preliminarily evaluate the effects of human neural stem cell transplantation in treatment of severe neonatal HIE.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The patient was a 75-day old male infant with sequelae of severe HIE who had highly delayed development of intelligence and movement and myotonia. MRI showed multiple cerebromalacia and encephalatrophy. Cells obtained from the forebrain of an 11-week old fetus were cultured and amplified for 15 days. And then the human fetal neural stem cells were injected into cerebral ventricle of this infant.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty eight days after transplantation, remarkable improvement occurred not only in his myotonia but also in his intelligence and movement, which became similar to those of the normal infants of the same age. Positron emission tomography (PET) showed significantly increased radioactivity at temporal and occipital lobes which suggested that the cellular metabolism had increased greatly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The short-term effect of NSCs transplantation on the infant with severe HIE sequelae was significant. PET suggested that the implanted NSCs survived. Many more studies are needed to evaluate long-term effects of NSC transplantation in treatment of HIE.</p>

Collection of Peripheral Blood Stem Cells from Low-Weight Infants with Osteopetrosis and Its Clinical Signi-ficance / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the safety of collection of peripheral blood stem cells(PBSCs) from low-weight infants with osteopetrosis(OP) and its clinical significance. Methods One case of low-weight infants with OP received PBSCs collection using a continuous-flow blood cell separator,and the safety of collection process was observed.The amount of monocyte cell(MNC) and CD34+ cell were noted and its clinical significance was analyzed.Results Low-weight infants with OP could tolerate collection process,the number of collection MNC and CD34+ cells were 10.06?108/kg,2.74?106/kg.Conclusion Adequate PBSCs can be collected from OP who need not be mobilized,thus can offer backup for graft failure.PBSCs collection from low-weight infants is safe.